Capsular contracture after breast reconstruction is caused by the body’s natural response to a foreign object, forming scar tissue around the implant. When this tissue tightens, it leads to firmness, pain, and implant distortion. Common triggers include infection, hematoma, radiation therapy, and implant rupture. Genetic predisposition and autoimmune responses may contribute. Early detection and proper surgical care can reduce complications and improve long-term outcomes for patients undergoing breast reconstruction.