Tooth decay is one of the most common dental problems, caused by bacteria producing acids that erode tooth enamel. It can develop due to poor oral hygiene, frequent consumption of sugary or acidic foods, dry mouth, or lack of regular dental care. Early signs include tooth sensitivity, visible spots, or pain while chewing. Treatments range from fluoride applications and fillings to crowns, root canals, or extractions in severe cases. Preventing tooth decay is possible with daily brushing, flossing, a balanced diet, and regular dental visits. Staying proactive about oral health ensures a strong, healthy smile and reduces the risk of more serious dental issues.