Painters must grasp key design principles to create compelling compositions. Start with balance—symmetrical or asymmetrical—to guide the viewer’s eye. Use contrast and emphasis to highlight focal points. Understand color theory for harmony and mood, and apply rhythm and movement to lead the gaze across the canvas. Mastering proportion, unity, and space ensures visual cohesion. These fundamentals transform technique into storytelling, helping painters communicate emotion and intent with clarity and impact in every brushstroke.