Greek and Roman shields evolved from simple round or rectangular forms into vital medieval weapons of defense and strategy. The Greek hoplon and Roman scutum offered protection and formation strength, influencing the design of later kite and heater shields. As warfare tactics changed, these shields adapted in shape and materials for greater mobility and coverage. Their legacy lived on in medieval Europe, where ancient armor techniques shaped the evolution of battlefield gear—proving that old-world defense forged the path for medieval warfare.